Supreme Court of the United States · Public domain

Argued Gideon v. Wainwright before the Supreme Court he would later join, winning the case that established a constitutional right to a lawyer for defendants who cannot afford one. As an associate justice from 1965 to 1969 he wrote landmark opinions extending due-process rights to minors (In re Gault) and student speech (Tinker v. Des Moines). He resigned from the Court in 1969 after it emerged he had accepted $20,000 from a financier under federal investigation for insider trading, becoming the only justice to resign under threat of impeachment.