Unknown author · CC0

The youngest child of Sigmund Freud, Anna Freud built her own distinct field within her father's discipline, co-founding — alongside Hermine Hug-Hellmuth and Melanie Klein — psychoanalytic child psychology, placing more emphasis than her father did on the ego and on normal developmental stages rather than pathology alone. Forced to flee Vienna with her family in 1938 after the Nazi annexation of Austria, she rebuilt her practice in London and in 1952 founded what became the Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, a clinic still devoted to child therapy, training, and research.