Georg Fayer · Public domain

A Vienna-trained prodigy — his ballet was a sensation there at 11, his opera Die tote Stadt premiered to acclaim at 23 — who left Europe as the Nazi regime rose and, in Hollywood, essentially invented the modern film score's symphonic language. Composing for Captain Blood and The Adventures of Robin Hood, he became the first composer of real classical stature to write for the movies, winning Academy Awards for Anthony Adverse and The Adventures of Robin Hood.