File:Ernest Bloch in 1917 at a table.jpg: Unknown authorUnknown author derivative work: Begoon · Public domain

A Swiss-born composer whose music turned Jewish liturgy and folk material into concert works largely without precedent — Schelomo, a rhapsody for cello and orchestra built on the voice of a cantor, remains his best-known piece, alongside the Sacred Service (Avodath Hakodesh), a full setting of the Sabbath morning liturgy for orchestra and choir. He emigrated to the United States, taught composition, and closed his career as Professor Emeritus at UC Berkeley in 1952.