MSGT DENHAM · Public domain

Led the Irgun, the militant group that bombed the King David Hotel and fought both the British Mandate and Arab forces before Israel's founding — the British government called him the leader of a terrorist organization and refused him an entry visa for two years. He spent three decades in political opposition before winning power in 1977 and, as prime minister, signed the peace treaty with Egypt that ended thirty years of war between the two countries, sharing the Nobel Peace Prize with Anwar Sadat.