Harvard University · CC BY-SA 4.0

Helped found the experimental approach to development economics, using randomized trials to test what actually reduces global poverty rather than relying on theory alone — work that reshaped how aid organizations design and evaluate their programs. He shared the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with Esther Duflo and Abhijit Banerjee. Kremer co-founded the Bureau for Research and Economic Analysis of Development and has taught at Harvard and the University of Chicago.