Andy Miah · CC BY-SA 2.0

Simon Baron-Cohen has spent more than 40 years researching autism at Cambridge, where he directs the Autism Research Centre, formulating the mindblindness theory of autism in 1985 and the empathising-systemising theory in 2003. He was knighted in 2021 for services to people with autism and received the Medical Research Council's Millennium Medal in 2023.