Georges Biard · CC BY-SA 3.0

Wrote jokes for other comedians as a teenager, then spent five decades making roughly a film a year and permanently altering the register of American comedy — Annie Hall and Manhattan turned neurosis, analysis and Jewish self-deprecation into a mainstream idiom. Also a serious jazz clarinettist. Since 1992 his reputation has been inseparable from allegations of abuse made by his adopted daughter, which he denies and which two investigations declined to charge; many collaborators have since disavowed him.