Rob Bogaerts for Anefo · CC BY-SA 3.0 nl

Aaron Klug was born in Lithuania and raised in Durban, South Africa, after his family emigrated when he was two. He trained as a physicist, worked with Rosalind Franklin at Birkbeck College on virus structure, and at Cambridge's Laboratory of Molecular Biology developed crystallographic electron microscopy — a technique for working out the three-dimensional structure of viruses and other nucleic acid-protein complexes that X-ray methods alone couldn't resolve. He won the 1982 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for it and later served as president of the Royal Society.