
Unknown author · Public domain
Joseph Greenberg
American linguist
1915 – 2001aged 85
Greenberg reshaped linguistics by developing large-scale methods for classifying the world's languages into families and identifying cross-linguistic patterns — his word-order universals remain a standard reference point in the field. His genetic classifications of African and, later, American languages were ambitious and contested, but they set the terms for decades of subsequent debate in linguistic typology.