Scott Davis · Public domain

Wolfowitz served as U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense and later as the 10th President of the World Bank, having earlier built an academic career in political science and served as ambassador to Indonesia. He was a leading voice for invading Iraq in 2001 and is widely described as one of the war's architects, a role he has disputed responsibility for. He resigned from the World Bank in 2007 after a conflict-of-interest scandal involving a staffer to whom he was romantically linked — the only World Bank president to leave office that way.