Isidoricaaa7 · CC BY-SA 4.0

Once part of Freud's inner circle, Adler broke from him to found his own school, individual psychology, arguing that people are driven less by sexual conflict than by a need for belonging and a sense of worth gained through contributing to others. His idea that early feelings of inadequacy shape adult personality gave psychology the term "inferiority complex," and he was among the first to argue that psychiatric treatment had to engage with a patient's community, not just the individual mind.